[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (2023)

_____ is the smallest gland in human body.

  1. Parotid gland
  2. Apocrine sweat gland
  3. Pineal gland
  4. Ebner’s gland

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Pineal gland

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The correct answer isPineal gland.

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  • Pineal glandis the smallest gland in the human body with a lengthof about 5-8 mm.
  • It is located in the epithalamus, near the center of the brain.
  • The gland produces melatonin and serotonin and is, therefore, responsible for modulating sleep patterns.

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  • Largest gland of the human body - Liver
  • The smallest exocrine gland - Goblet cell
  • The pancreas has both an endocrine and an exocrine function.
  • Apocrine sweat glandsare usually associated with hair follicles, continuously secrete a fatty sweat into the gland tubule.
  • The parotid gland is a bilateral salivary gland located in the face.
  • Ebner glands, also known as serous glands, are minor salivary glands located on both sides of your oral cavity toward the back of your tongue.
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Which of the following pairs of the endocrine gland is located in the brain?

  1. Hypothalamus and thymus
  2. Pituitary and parathyroid
  3. Thyroid and pineal
  4. Hypothalamus and pineal

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Hypothalamus and pineal

The correct answer isHypothalamus and pineal.

  • Only three endocrine glands are located in the region of the brain are the hypothalamus, pituitary, and pineal gland.

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  • The hypothalamus is the basal part of the diencephalon of the forebrain.
  • It contains a hormone of stimulating and inhibiting the pituitary.
  • The pituitary gland is also located at the base part of the brain region just below the hypothalamus and joined together whereas the pineal gland is present in the very deep region where two halves of the brain join together.
  • This area is present in the middle of the brain known as the epithalamus.
  • It secretes melatonin which functions during the darkness and sends information of night.
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Which among the following is an Endocrine gland in the human body?

  1. Salivary Gland
  2. Digestive Gland
  3. Pituitary Gland
  4. Sweat Gland

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Pituitary Gland

The correct answer isPituitary Gland.

  • Pituitary Glandis an Endocrine gland in the human body.
    • It is also known as the master gland.

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  • A Gland is calledthe endocrine gland when it secretes hormonesdirectly into the bloodstream.
  • Endocrine:End means no duct required and the hormones go directly into the blood.
  • Examples:Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Gland, Adrenal Gland, etc.

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  • The glands which have ducts through which enzymes pass are known as the Exocrine Glands.
  • Exocrine: Exo means external help is needed, that is the hormones go through the duct.
  • Examples:Digestive Gland, Salivary Gland, Sweat gland, etc.
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Blood pressure in human body is controlled by

  1. Adrenal gland
  2. Thyroid gland
  3. Thymus gland
  4. Corpus luteum

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Adrenal gland

The correct answer is​Adrenal gland

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  • The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of eachkidney.
  • The adrenal cortex produces several hormones.
  • The most important are aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid), cortisol (a glucocorticoid), and androgens and estrogen (sex hormones).
  • These hormones help regulate metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress, and other essential functions.

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  • Thyroid gland:
    • It produces hormones that regulate the body'smetabolic rate-controllinglike heart, muscle, and digestive function, brain development and bone maintenance.
    • Its goodfunctioning dependson agood supply of iodinefrom the diet.
  • Thymus gland:
    • Thethymusis a lobed organ situated near the heart and, beneath the breastbone.
    • It is quite large at the time of birth but it gradually gets reduced with age.
    • Thethymus provides the micro-environment needed for the maturation & development of T-lymphocytes.
    • The T-lymphocyte cells originate in the bone marrow but migrate or move to the thymus for maturation & development, henceif the thymus gland is removed from the newborn baby T-lymphocyte cells will not form.
  • Corpus luteum:
    • Thefollicular cell is known as the corpus luteum.
    • The Corpus luteumis afollicular cell and gets filledwith a yellowpigment called lutein.
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Which hormone is released from the testes?

  1. Thyroxin
  2. Adrenaline
  3. Insulin
  4. Testosterone

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Testosterone

  • The hormone released from testes is Testosterone.
  • Testosterone is the male sex hormone.
  • It plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as the testis and prostate.
  • It also increases the growth of body hair.

Hormone

Function

Gland

Thyroxin

It helps in maintaining the body’s metabolism.

(Video) Endocrinology - Endocrine system mcq - Part 2

Thyroid

Insulin

It helps in regulating sugar levels in the body.

Pancreas

Adrenaline

It increases the heart rate, blood pressure etc during emergency situations.

Adrenal Gland

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Growth hormone is secreted by which gland ?

  1. Pineal gland
  2. Pituitary gland
  3. Hypothalamus
  4. Adrenal gland

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Pituitary gland

Concept:

  • Growth hormone is released into thebloodstream from the anterior pituitary gland.
  • The pituitary gland also produces other hormones that have different functions from growth hormone.
  • Growth hormone is produced bythe pituitary gland.
    • It has many functions including maintaining normal body structure and metabolism.
    • It is a small pea-sizedglandthat plays a major role in regulating vital body functions.
    • It is also referred to as the'mastergland'of the human body as itcontrols the activity of most of theother hormone-secretingglands.

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Pineal gland:

  • The Pineal gland is situated in the middle of the human brain and it is the major site of the body'sMelatoninproduction which is usually secreted in the darkness and thus is sometimes referred to asthe “Dracula of hormones”.
  • Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the sleep-wake cycle. It is sometimes consumed from external sourcesby mouth to adjust the body's internal clock, as well as its external supplements,arecommonly used for insomnia and improving sleep in different conditions.

Hypothalamus:

  • To maintain homeostasis, the hypothalamus is responsible for creating or controlling many hormones in the body. The hypothalamus works with the pituitary gland, which makes and sends other important hormones around the body.

Adrenal gland:

  • Adrenalinehormone is secreted by the adrenal glands in the centre of the medulla.
  • The main function of adrenaline is to produce contraction of the spleen so as to store the blood, increase heartbeat and sweating, reducing the blood clotting period, and pupillarydilation.
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Which of the following glands is also known as‘master gland’?

  1. Pituitary
  2. Adrenal
  3. Pancreas
  4. Hypothalamus

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Pituitary

The correct answer is Option 1, i.e Pituitary.

  • The Pituitary gland,also known as ‘master gland’, is an endocrine gland.
  • A gland is called endocrine gland when it secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.
  • The pituitary gland is called master gland as most of its hormones control the activity ofother endocrine glands.
  • It produces growth hormones, prolactin, TSH (Thyroid-stimulating hormone), etc.

Glands

Hormones

Adrenal

Adrenaline, noradrenaline, Cortisol

Pancreas

Glucagon, insulin

Hypothalamus

Gonadotrophin

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Which among the following gland produces insulin, the chief hormone in body for metabolizing sugar?

  1. Pancreas
  2. Liver
  3. Salivary glands
  4. Intestinal glands

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Pancreas

The correct answer isPancreas.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (9)Key Points

  • The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system located in the abdomen behind the stomach and functions as a gland.
  • The pancreas performs both an endocrine as well as exocrine function.
  • As an endocrine gland, it helps to regulate blood sugar levelsand aids the secretion of hormones such as insulin and glucagon.
  • It also functions as an exocrine gland secreting pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct.
  • Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets.
  • It is responsible for allowing glucose in the blood to enter cells, providing them with the energy to function.

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Gland

Description

Thymus

Located between the Lungs.

Thymosinis the hormone of the thymus.

Adrenal

The adrenal gland is an endocrine gland that secretes the Adrenalin hormone.

Pituitary

The pituitary gland is a small pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions and general wellbeing.

Hormones produced by the pituitary gland areAdrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH),Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),
Luteinising hormone (LH), etc.

Thyroid

The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland located in the neck.
The thyroid gland secretes three hormones, namely the two thyroid hormones (thyroxine/T4 and triiodothyronine/T3), and calcitonin.

(Video) MCQs on Hormones - Endocrinology MCQs - Most Important for Competitive Exams

Pineal

It is located in the epithalamus, near the center of the brain.

The shape of the gland resembles a pine cone from which it derived its name.

The smallest gland in the human body.

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The sleep-wake cycle of the body is regulated by the hormone ______.

  1. Prolactin
  2. Cortisol
  3. Progesterone
  4. Melatonin

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Melatonin

The correct answer isMelatonin.

  • Melatonin hormone plays an important role in the regulation of 24-hour rhythms of the sleep-wake cycle.
  • It is also involved in the pigmentation of the skin, menstrual cycle, and metabolism.
  • It also controls the cardiac rhythms of our body.
  • Its increased secretion promotes healthy sleeping.
  • This hormone delays puberty and affects the menstrual cycle.

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  • Prolactin is the hormone of the anterior pituitary which stimulates the production of milk and also develops the mammary gland.
  • Progesterone maintains the pregnancy and is involved in female sexual characteristics development and cortisol response against stress and also stimulates the formation of RBC.
  • Cortisol is called the "stress hormone" because of its connection to the stress response.Cortisol is one of the steroid hormones and is made in the adrenal glands.
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Which hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland?

  1. Adrenaline
  2. Growth hormone
  3. Insulin
  4. Thyroxin

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Growth hormone

The Correct Answer is Growth hormone.

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  • Growth hormone is released into the bloodstream from the anterior pituitary gland.
  • This is controlled by two other hormones that are released from the hypothalamus (a part of the brain): growth hormone-releasing hormone, which stimulates the pituitary to release growth hormone, and somatostatin, which inhibits that release.

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  • The pituitary gland is also called the master gland,controls the function of most other endocrine glands.
  • The pituitary, a pea-sized gland at the base of the brain, produces a number of hormones.
  • Each of these hormones affects a specific part of the body (a target organ or tissue).

Hormone

Target Organ or Tissue

Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH)

Adrenal glands

Beta-melanocyte–stimulating hormone

Skin

Endorphins

Brain and immune system

Enkephalins

Brain

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Ovaries or testes

Growth hormone

Muscles and bones

Luteinizing hormone

Ovaries or testes

Oxytocin

Uterus and mammary glands

Prolactin

Mammary glands

Thyroid-stimulating hormone

Thyroid gland

Vasopressin(antidiuretic hormone)

Kidneys

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  • Adrenaline is produced both by the adrenal glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla oblongata.
  • Its major action, together with noradrenaline, is to prepare the body for 'fight or flight'.
  • Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets.
  • Insulinregulates the blood glucose level in the body.
  • Thyroxin hormone is produced by the thyroid gland.
  • This hormone increases themetabolic rate and so regulatesgrowth and development.
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Body temperature is regulated by -

  1. Medulla
  2. Thalamus
  3. Hypothalamus
  4. Cerebellum

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Hypothalamus

The correct answer is Hypothalamus.

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  • In size, Hypothalamus is almost like the size of an almond.
  • It is present in the centre of the human brain.
  • The structure of the hypothalamus is made up of three main regions:
    • The anteriorregion, the Middle region, Posterior region.

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  • The main functionsof the hypothalamus are:-​
    • Maintaining the body’s internal balance,
    • It also connects the endocrine and the nervous system,
    • It is involved in Childbirth, Emotions, Sleep cycles, Balancing body fluids, Appetite and thirst control, Blood pressure, and heart rate.
  • Hormones secreted by Hypothalamus:-
    • Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone, Oxytocin, Somatost​.

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Brain

Used in

Medulla

Breathing, heartbeat, sleep, wakefulness, and motor learning.

Thalamus

Responsible for relaying sensory information from the sense organs

Hypothalamus

Receives impulses, Regulates body temperature, Controls the mood and emotions, Controls the sense of taste and smell, Synthesises the body’s essential hormones, Coordinates the messages from the autonomous nervous system, Controls appetite, peristalsis, the rate of heartbeat, and blood pressure

Cerebellum

It senses equilibrium, Transfers information, Coordinates eye movement, enables precision control of the voluntary body movements,The cerebellum is also essential for making fine adjustments to motor actions,Predicts the future position of the body during a particular movement, Both anterior and posterior lobes are concerned with the skeletal movements.

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Largest gland in the human body is ____________.

  1. Liver
  2. Heart
  3. Kidney
  4. Brain

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Liver

The correct answer is Liver

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  • The liver is thelargest Exocrine gland in the body.
  • It weighs about1.5 kg.
  • It is situated on theright side of the body.
  • Many toxic waste products, as well as excretory products, are produced in the liver.
  • It alsoproduces proteins like Prothrombin and Fibrinogen and Vitamins like A, D, K, and B12.
  • Heparin, Urea, and Bile Juiceare produced in the liver.
  • The liver isonly present in Vertebrate animals.
  • Iron is stored in the liver in the form of 'Ferritin' while glucose is stored in the form of "Glycogen".
  • "Kupffer cells work as a scavenger for micro-organismsin the liver and also help in eliminating toxic substances.
  • Waste products such as Urea, Uric Acid, Creatine, and Bilirubin are produced in the liver.
  • Many factors such as Bile Juice, fatty acids cholesterol, phospholipids and also 50% of lymph in the body are produced by the Liver only.
  • Most of the metabolic processes in the body such asGlycogenesis (conversion of Glucose to Glycogen), Glycogenolysis(conversion of Glycogen to Glucose), Gluconeogenesis(formation of Glucose from noncarbohydrate substance), Deamination(conversion of ammonia to Urea) are carried out in the liver, that's why liver is considered as 'Busy Organ'.
  • The liver is supplied byboth oxygenated as well as deoxygenated blood.
  • The rate of blood supply to the liver is 1500ml/min.(1000ml deoxygenated +500ml oxygenated).
  • The artery providing blood supply to the liver is known as the Hepatic artery.
  • The major supply of blood to the liver is by 'portal vein'(75%) & the remaining (25%) by the Hepatic artery. That is why theliver is known to have a 'Dual blood supply.
  • Maximum blood is stored in 'liver' in human beings while in frogs it is stored maximally in the 'Spleen'.

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_________ hormone prepares our body to face crisis.

  1. Thyroxin
  2. Parathyroid
  3. Thymosin
  4. Adrenaline

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Adrenaline

Concept-

  • Hormones are non-nutrient chemicals.
  • A physical change occurs in the body by certain chemical substances are called hormones.
  • The hormone is secreted by the endocrine glands into the blood.

Explanation-

  • Adrenaline hormone is secreted by the adrenal gland.
  • When we get angry or before the result declaration, our heartbeats fasts, blood pressure increases.
  • Adrenaline prepares our body to face such a type of crisis.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (19)Additional Information

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (20)

GlandsHormonesFunctions
PituitaryGrowth hormoneRegulates growth.
ThyroidThyroxinePlays an important role in regulating weight, body.
ParathyroidParathormoneControls calcium balance.
AdrenalAdrenalinePrepares the body for an emergency.
PancreasInsulinControls glucose level.
ThymusThymosinGrowth of genitalia in childhood.
TestesTestosteroneGrowth of the male reproductive system.
OvariesOestrogen, ProgesteroneGrowth of the female reproductive system.
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The digestive juice which has no enzyme is

  1. Bile
  2. Salive
  3. Intestinal juice
  4. Gastric juice

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Bile

The correct answer is Bile.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (21)Key Points

  • Bile is a uniqueandvital aqueoussecretion of the liver.
  • Bile is a fluidthat ismade and releasedby theliver and stored in the gallbladder.
  • Bilehelps withdigestion.
  • Bilehas no digestive enzyme.
  • It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract.
  • Bile contains:
    • Mostly cholesterol
    • Bile acids (also called bile salts)
    • Bilirubin (a breakdown product of red blood cells)

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  • Salivary amylase is an enzyme present in human saliva which is produced by the salivary glands.
  • Gastric Juice containsdigestive enzymes pepsin and rennin.
  • Intestinal enzyme:
    • ​Maltase: Converts maltose into glucose.
    • Lactase: Convert Lactose into glucose and galactose
    • Sucrase: It converts Sucrose into fructose and glucose.

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Which of the following hormone prepares our body for emergency situations?

  1. Parathormone
  2. Testosterone
  3. Adrenaline
  4. Insulin

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : Adrenaline

The correct answer isAdrenaline.

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  • Adrenaline hormoneis secreted by theadrenal gland.
  • Adrenaline hormonesare rapidly secreted in response to stress of any kind and during emergency situations and are calledemergency hormonesorhormones of FightorFlight.
  • When we get angry or in any stressful situation, our heart beatsfast,blood pressureincreases, this is due to the adrenaline rush into the bloodstream.
  • Adrenalineprepares our bodies to face such a type of crisis.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (25)Additional Information

GlandsHormonesFunctions
PituitaryGrowth hormoneRegulates growth.
ThyroidThyroxinePlays an important role in regulating weight, body.
ParathyroidParathormoneControls calcium balance.
AdrenalAdrenalinePrepares the body for an emergency.
PancreasInsulinControls glucose level.
ThymusThymosinGrowth of genitalia in childhood.
TestesTestosteroneGrowth of the male reproductive system.
OvariesOestrogen, ProgesteroneGrowth of the female reproductive system.


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Adrenaline hormone increases

  1. heartbeat
  2. blood pressure
  3. both of these
  4. None of these

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 3 : both of these

Concept-

  • Hormonesare non-nutrient chemicals.
  • A physical change occurs in the body by certain chemical substances are calledhormones.
  • Thehormoneis secreted by theendocrine glandsinto the blood.

Explanation-

  • Adrenaline hormone is secreted by the adrenal gland.
  • Adrenaline hormonesare rapidly secreted in response to stress of any kind and during emergency situations and are called emergency hormones or hormones of Fightor Flight.
  • When we get angry or in any stressful situation, ourheartbeatsfasts,blood pressureincreases this is due to the adrenaline rush into the bloodstream.
  • Adrenalineprepares our body to face such a type of crisis.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (27)Additional Information

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (28)

GlandsHormonesFunctions
PituitaryGrowth hormoneRegulates growth.
ThyroidThyroxinePlays an important role in regulating weight, body.
ParathyroidParathormoneControls calcium balance.
AdrenalAdrenalinePrepares the body for an emergency.
PancreasInsulinControls glucose level.
ThymusThymosinGrowth of genitalia in childhood.
TestesTestosteroneGrowth of the male reproductive system.
OvariesOestrogen, ProgesteroneGrowth of the female reproductive system.
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Which gland controls the functioning of other endocrine glands?

  1. Thyroid Gland
  2. Pineal Gland
  3. Adrenal glands
  4. Pituitary gland

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 4 : Pituitary gland

The correct answer is Pituitary Gland.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (29)Key Points

  • The pituitary gland controls the functioning of other endocrine glands. The pituitary is often called the master gland because its hormones control another part of the endocrine system like thyroid glands, ovaries, and testes.
  • The pituitary gland has two parts which are the anterior lobe and posterior lobe. Both parts have separate functions.This gland is located at the base of the brain and it isone-third of an inch diameter.

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  • The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland and it is located in the base of the throat. It releases hormones that control metabolism. It is 2 inches long. The thyroid is part of the endocrine system which is made up of glands. This gland uses iodine from the food we eat.
  • The pineal gland is a small pea-shaped gland. it is located in the brain.it is called the third eye. It is about one-third inch long and its color is a reddish-grey gland. The pineal gland often appears in X-rays.
  • The adrenal glands are small glands. It is located on top of each kidney.
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The hormones of the endocrine glands are released into the ________.

  1. Blood
  2. Spinal fluid
  3. Arteries of the heart
  4. Ducts

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 1 : Blood

Concept:

  • Hormonesare non-nutrient chemicals.
  • A physical change occurs in the body by certain chemical substances are calledhormones.
  • Thehormoneis secreted by theendocrine glandsinto the blood,
  • The location of various gland in the human body is as shown in the below diagram.

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Growth hormone is secreted by:

  1. Liver gland
  2. Pituitary gland
  3. Thyroid gland
  4. Adrenal gland

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Pituitary gland

The correct answer isPituitary gland.

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  • Growth hormones are also known as somatotropin which is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
  • Growth Hormones function sometimes as growth promoters and sometimes as growth inhibitors.
  • It is important for normal physical growth in children.
  • It is also responsible for stimulating the growth of all tissues of the body including bones.

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  • The liversecretes bile which helps in the emulsification of fats.
  • TheThyroidglandis anendocrineglandi.e, releases hormones directly into the blood.
    • Itproducesthyroxine hormone(T4) andtriiodothyronine hormone(T3).
  • The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney.
    • The adrenal cortex produces several hormones.
    • The most important are aldosterone (a mineralocorticoid), cortisol (a glucocorticoid), and androgens and estrogen (sex hormones).
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Which of the following is an exocrine secretion?

  1. Oxytocin
  2. Saliva
  3. Thyroxine
  4. Vasopressin

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : Saliva

Concept:

  • Exocrine glands: The glands which secrete substances on the epithelial surface through the ducts are called exocrine glands. Eg. sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, prostate, and mucous glands.
  • Endocrine glands: The glands which secrete hormones and other substances directly into the bloodstream are called endocrine glands. Eg. Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Thymus, Gonads, etc.

Explanation:

  • Saliva is an exocrine secretion of the salivary glands.
  • There are 4 pairs of salivary glands in mammals:
  1. Infra-orbital glands: Situated below the eye orbit. Ducts of these glands open into the upper-jaw near the 2ndmolar teeth.
  2. Parotid-glands: These are the largest salivary glands. Situated below the auditory-capsule (ear). Their ducts called Parotid duct/Stenson's duct that open in the buccal-vestibule.
  3. Submaxillary glands: Situated at the junction of the upper and the lower jaw. Their duct called Wharton's duct open in the lower jaw just behind the incisor teeth.
  4. Sublingual glands: These are the smallest salivary glands situated in the lower jaw. Their ducts called Ducts of Rivinus open in the buccopharyngeal cavity on the ventral side of the tongue.

[Solved] Endocrine System MCQ [Free PDF] - Objective Question Answer for Endocrine System Quiz - Download Now! (34)Additional Information

  • Oxytocin: It is an endocrine gland secretion. It is also known as the birth hormone. It stimulates uterine contraction during the time of childbirth.
  • Thyroxine: It is an endocrine secretion of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland requires 120 microgram Iodine per day for the production of thyroxineIt regulates the basal metabolic rate of the body.
  • Vasopressin: Also called Antidiuretic hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. It mainly acts on the kidney and stimulates the reabsorption of water by the distal convoluted tubules and thereby reduces the loss of water through urine (Diuresis) so-called antidiuretic hormone
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FAQs

What is the endocrine system Mcq? ›

Endocrine system is composed of glands that secrete hormones. Hormones of the endocrine glands govern mood regulation, development and growth, metabolism, mechanism of action of organs and much more.

What are questions to ask about the endocrine system? ›

Frequently Asked Questions
  • What are endocrine disruptors? ...
  • Why make a distinction between endocrine activity and disruption? ...
  • What is the U.S. EPA doing about endocrine disruptors? ...
  • Shouldn't we be concerned about any endocrine or hormone changes? ...
  • Don't synthetic chemicals pose more of a threat than natural substances?

Which is the largest endocrine gland in our body? ›

Thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland of the body. ​ It is present in the neck region and is responsible for the secretion of hormones like thyroxine that control the metabolic rate in the body. ​

What are the 7 endocrine glands? ›

While many parts of the body make hormones, the major glands that make up the endocrine system are the:
  • hypothalamus.
  • pituitary.
  • thyroid.
  • parathyroids.
  • adrenals.
  • pineal body.
  • the ovaries.
  • the testes.

Which is the smallest gland in human body? ›

The pineal gland, also called pineal body or epiphysis cerebri, is a small cone-shaped structure that extends posteriorly from the third ventricle of the brain.

Is spleen an endocrine gland? ›

However, spleen does not produce any hormone so it is not an endocrine organ.

What are the 3 main parts of the endocrine system? ›

What are the parts of the endocrine system?
  • Hypothalamus: This gland is located in your brain and controls your endocrine system. ...
  • Pituitary: This little gland is only about the size of a pea, but it has a big job. ...
  • Thyroid: Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in the front of your neck.
May 12, 2020

What type of gland is the pancreas? ›

The pancreas contains exocrine glands that produce enzymes important to digestion.

How many endocrine glands are there in human body? ›

The endocrine system is made up of the endocrine glands that secrete hormones. Although there are eight major endocrine glands scattered throughout the body, they are still considered to be one system because they have similar functions, similar mechanisms of influence, and many important interrelationships.

Which brain is endocrine? ›

Pituitary. The pituitary gland is located below the brain. Usually no larger than a pea, the gland controls many functions of the other endocrine glands.

What are the 12 endocrine glands? ›

The major glands of the endocrine system include the pineal gland, pituitary gland, pancreas, ovaries, testes, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, hypothalamus and adrenal glands. The hypothalamus and pituitary glands are neuroendocrine organs.

Which gland produces T3 and T4 hormones? ›

Thyroid hormone actually represents the combination of the two main hormones that your thyroid gland releases: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). They're often collectively referred to as “thyroid hormone” because T4 is largely inactive, meaning it doesn't impact your cells, whereas T3 is active.

What is the smallest endocrine gland? ›

Answer: The pineal gland is referred to as the smallest gland in the human body. It is also known as pineal body and it is located in vertebrate brain. It is the smallest endocrine gland which is present in the body.

Which is largest exocrine gland? ›

Pancreas is the largest exocrine gland which is 99% exocrine and 1% endocrine.

Which is second largest endocrine gland? ›

Detailed Solution. The pancreas is the second-largest gland in the human body measuring around 6-10 inches in length. It is located in the upper left abdomen, behind the stomach.

Which is the smallest organ? ›

Pineal gland:
  • The smallest organ is the pineal gland.
  • It is situated centrally in the brain.
  • It is the main site for the secretion of melatonin that controls the internal clock of the body.

Which is largest and smallest gland? ›

  • Largest gland of the human body - Liver.
  • The smallest exocrine gland - Goblet cell.
  • The pancreas has both an endocrine and an exocrine function.
  • Apocrine sweat glands are usually associated with hair follicles, continuously secrete a fatty sweat into the gland tubule.

What is the tiny gland? ›

Your pineal gland, also called the pineal body or epiphysis cerebri, is a tiny gland in your brain that's located beneath the back part of the corpus callosum. It's a part of your endocrine system and secretes the hormone melatonin.

Is liver endocrine gland? ›

The liver is a dynamic endocrine organ and mediates critical metabolic pathways via roles in direct hormone and hepatokine production, hormone metabolism, synthesis of binding proteins, detoxification, and processing and redistribution of metabolic fuels[1-4].

Where is spleen located? ›

The spleen is a fist-sized organ in the upper left side of your abdomen, next to your stomach and behind your left ribs. It's an important part of your immune system, but you can survive without it. This is because the liver can take over many of the spleen's functions.

Does spleen release hormone? ›

The last ten years do not seem to have brought forward any decisive fact and it may be assumed that the results reported in this paper constitute the first experimental evidence that the spleen produces and can release into circulation a substance acting like a hormone.

How many glands are in your brain? ›

The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and pineal gland are in your brain.

What gland controls blood pressure? ›

Adrenal glands, also known as suprarenal glands, are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys. Adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress and other essential functions.

What are 5 functions of hormones? ›

Hormones control many different bodily processes, including:
  • Metabolism.
  • Homeostasis (constant internal balance), such as blood pressure and blood sugar regulation, fluid (water) and electrolyte balance and body temperature.
  • Growth and development.
  • Sexual function.
  • Reproduction.
  • Sleep-wake cycle.
  • Mood.
Feb 23, 2022

Which gland produces insulin? ›

For instance, the pancreas secretes insulin, which allows the body to regulate levels of sugar in the blood.

What creates insulin? ›

Insulin is a hormone made by the pancreas that helps glucose in your blood enter cells in your muscle, fat, and liver, where it's used for energy. Glucose comes from the food you eat. The liver also makes glucose in times of need, such as when you're fasting.

How big is a pancreas? ›

Understanding your pancreas

Your pancreas is about 6 inches (15 centimeters) long and looks something like a pear lying on its side. It releases (secretes) hormones, including insulin, to help your body process sugar in the foods you eat.

Which is not a gland? ›

Description for Correct answer: Kidneys are two bean-shaped organs located at the back of abdominal cavity in vertebrates and are the organs of excretion. They perform the function of filtering the blood, removing waste into urine and balancing electrolyte levels.

What is ductless gland? ›

Endocrine glands are also known as the ductless glands because of the fact that their secretions are released directly into the blood, not to any tubes or ducts.

What is the hormone of pancreas? ›

The main hormones secreted by the endocrine gland in the pancreas are insulin and glucagon, which regulate the level of glucose in the blood, and somatostatin, which prevents the release of insulin and glucagon.

What are the 4 happy hormones? ›

When it comes to happiness, in particular, the primary signaling chemicals include:
  • Serotonin.
  • Dopamine.
  • Endorphins.
  • Oxytocin.
Sep 13, 2021

Is adrenaline a hormone? ›

Together with other hormones, norepinephrine helps the body respond to stress and exercise. Other hormones include: Adrenaline.

What is the happy hormone? ›

Dopamine: Often called the "happy hormone," dopamine results in feelings of well-being. A primary driver of the brain's reward system, it spikes when we experience something pleasurable.

What is the endocrine system quizlet? ›

the endocrine system is made up of glands that produce and secrete hormones that regulate the activity of cells or organs. These hormones regulate the body's growth, metabolism (the physical and chemical processes of the body), and sexual development and function.

Which of the following is not a endocrine gland Mcq? ›

So, the correct answer is 'Liver'.

What is an endocrine gland? ›

An organ that makes hormones that are released directly into the blood and travel to tissues and organs all over the body. Endocrine glands help control many body functions, including growth and development, metabolism, and fertility. Some examples of endocrine glands are the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands.

Which of these is true of the endocrine system? ›

The endocrine system regulates the metabolic activities of the body like body growth, sexual development & other biological processes. The endocrine gland signalling is slow but its effects are prolonged. Some of the major endocrine glands are the Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Thymus, Gonads, etc.

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